Radical hope in revolting times: Proposing a culturally relevant psychological framework
Corresponding Author
Della V. Mosley
Department of Psychology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida
Correspondence
Della V. Mosley, Department of Psychology, University of Florida, 945 Center Dr., P.O. Box 112250, Gainesville, FL 32611.
Email: [email protected]
Search for more papers by this authorHelen A. Neville
Department of Educational Psychology and African American Studies, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, Illinois
Search for more papers by this authorNayeli Y. Chavez-Dueñas
Counseling Psychology, The Chicago School of Professional Psychology, Chicago, Illinois
Search for more papers by this authorHector Y. Adames
Counseling Psychology, The Chicago School of Professional Psychology, Chicago, Illinois
Search for more papers by this authorJioni A. Lewis
Department of Psychology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee
Search for more papers by this authorBryana H. French
Graduate School of Professional Psychology, University of St. Thomas, Minneapolis, Minnesota
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
Della V. Mosley
Department of Psychology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida
Correspondence
Della V. Mosley, Department of Psychology, University of Florida, 945 Center Dr., P.O. Box 112250, Gainesville, FL 32611.
Email: [email protected]
Search for more papers by this authorHelen A. Neville
Department of Educational Psychology and African American Studies, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, Illinois
Search for more papers by this authorNayeli Y. Chavez-Dueñas
Counseling Psychology, The Chicago School of Professional Psychology, Chicago, Illinois
Search for more papers by this authorHector Y. Adames
Counseling Psychology, The Chicago School of Professional Psychology, Chicago, Illinois
Search for more papers by this authorJioni A. Lewis
Department of Psychology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee
Search for more papers by this authorBryana H. French
Graduate School of Professional Psychology, University of St. Thomas, Minneapolis, Minnesota
Search for more papers by this authorAbstract
Growing research supports the link between individual expressions of hope and psychological well-being. In this paper, we draw on psychological theories of hope, racial and ethnic studies, and the literature on radical healing to propose a framework of radical hope. Although the proposed multidimensional framework integrates cultural practices of People of Color in the United States, it is flexible enough to be adapted to other contexts. The paper begins by providing a brief review of the literature that conceptualizes the concept of hope in the field of psychology as a prelude to comparing the concept to the interdisciplinary notion of radical hope. Based on this body of work, we then introduce a culturally relevant psychological framework of radical hope, which includes the components of collective memory as well as faith and agency. Both components require an orientation to one of four directions including individual orientation, collective orientation, past orientation, and future orientation. The framework also consists of pathways individuals can follow to experience radical hope including (a) understanding the history of oppression along with the actions of resistance taken to transform these conditions, (b) embracing ancestral pride, (c) envisioning equitable possibilities, and (d) creating meaning and purpose in life by adopting an orientation to social justice. We conclude with a proposed research agenda for radical hope.
REFERENCES
- Adames, H. Y., & Chavez-Dueñas, N. Y. (2017). Cultural foundations and interventions in Latino/a mental health: History, theory, and within group differences. New York, NY: Routledge Press.
- American Psychological Association. (2018). Stress in America: The state of our nation. 2017. Retrieved from: https://www.apa.org/news/press/releases/stress/2017/state-nation.pdf
- Araujo Dawson, B., & Quiros, L. (2014). The effects of racial socialization on the racial and ethnic identity development of Latinas. Journal of Latina/o Psychology, 2(4), 200–213. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1037/lat0000024
- Bannon, W. M. Jr., McKay, M. M., Chacko, A., Rodriguez, J. A., & Cavaleri, M. (2009). Cultural pride reinforcement as a dimension of racial socialization protective of urban African American child anxiety. Families in Society, 90(1), 79–86. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1606/1044-3894.3848
- Bernardo, A. B. (2010). Extending hope theory: Internal and external locus of trait hope. Personality and individual differences, 49(8), 944–949. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2010.07.036
- Bradbury, J. (2012). Narrative possibilities of the past for the future: Nostalgia and hope. Peace and Conflict, 18(3), 341–350. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0029069
10.1037/a0029069 Google Scholar
- Brown, A. M. (2017). Emergent strategy: Shaping change, changing worlds. Chico, CA: AK Press.
- Bury, S. M., Wenzel, M., & Woodyatt, L. (2016). Giving hope a sporting chance: Hope as distinct from optimism when events are possible but not probable. Motivation and Emotion, 40(4), 588–601. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11031-016-9560-z
- Carruthers, C. (2016). Killing the Black imagination: The legacy of anti-Blackness in America. Bloomington, IL: Address presented at the Illinois Wesleyan University Summit on Colorblind Racism.
- Chang, E. C., & Banks, K. H. (2007). The color and texture of hope: Some preliminary findings and implications for hope theory and counseling among diverse racial/ethnic groups. Cultural Diversity and Ethnic Minority Psychology, 13(2), 94–103. https://doi.org/10.1037/1099-9809.13.2.94
- Chang, E. C., Chang, O. D., Rollock, D., Lui, P. P., Watkins, A. F., Hirsch, J. K., & Jeglic, E. L. (2019). Hope above racial discrimination and social support in accounting for positive and negative psychological adjustment in African American adults: Is “knowing you can do it” as important as “knowing how you can”? Cognitive Therapy and Research, 43, 399–411. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10608-018-9949-y
- Chatterton, P., & Heynen, N. (2011). Resistance (s) and collective social action. A Companion to Social Geography, 508–525. https://doi.org/10.1002/9781444395211.ch29
10.1002/9781444395211.ch29 Google Scholar
- Chavez-Dueñas, N. Y., Adames, H. Y., Perez-Chavez, J. G., & Salas, S. P. (2019). Healing ethno-racial trauma in Latinx immigrant communities: Cultivating hope, resistance, and action. American Psychologist, 74(1), 49–62. https://doi.org/10.1037/amp0000289
- Cherrington, A. M. (2018). A framework of Afrocentric hope: Rural South African children's conceptualizations of hope. Journal of Community Psychology, 46(4), 502–514. https://doi.org/10.1002/jcop.21956
- Cohen-Chen, S., & Van Zomeren, M. (2018). Yes we can? Group efficacy beliefs predict collective action, but only when hope is high. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 77, 50–59. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jesp.2018.03.016
- C. De Robertis (Ed.) (2017). Radical hope: Letters of love and dissent in dangerous times. New York, NY: Vintage Books.
- Diaz, J. (Speaker) (2017). Radical hope is our best weapon. [Audio podcast]. Retrieved from https://onbeing.org/programs.
- Dictionary of Politics and Government (2004). Radical. In Dictionary of Politics and Government. Retrieved from. http://www.untag-smd.ac.id/files/Perpustakaan_Digital_2/POLITICS%20AND%20GOVERNMENT%20Dictionary%20of%20politics%20and%20government.pdf
- Duncan-Andrade, J. (2009). Note to educators: Hope required when growing roses in concrete. Harvard Educational Review, 79(2), 181–194. https://doi.org/10.17763/haer.79.2.nu3436017730384w
- Faver, C. A. (2001). Rights, responsibility, and relationship: Motivations for women's social activism. Affilia - Journal of Women and Social Work, 16(3), 314–336. https://doi.org/10.1177/088610990101600304
- Frankl, V. E. (1992). Man's search for meaning: An introduction to logotherapy (4th ed.) (I. Lasch, Trans. Boston, MA, US: Beacon Press.
- Freire, P. (1992). Pedagogy of hope. New York: The Continuum Publishing Company.
- French, B. H., Lewis, J. A., Mosley, D. V., Adames, H. Y., Chavez-Dueñas, N. Y., Chen, G. A., & Neville, H. A. (2019). Toward a Psychological Framework of Radical Healing in Communities of Color. The Counseling Psychologist. https://doi.org/10.1177/0011000019843506
10.1177/0011000019843506 Google Scholar
- Ginwright, S. A. (2010). Black youth rising: Activism and radical healing in urban America. New York, NY: Teachers College Press.
- Ginwright, S. (2011). Hope, healing, and care. Liberal Education, 97(2), 34–39.
- Givens Generett, G. (2005). Intergenerational discussions as a curriculum strategy: Modeling audacious hope in action. Urban Review, 37(3): 267-277. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11256-005-0011-5
10.1007/s11256-005-0011-5 Google Scholar
- Gomez, J. (2017). Not a moment, but a movement. In C. De Robertis (Ed.), Radical hope: Letters of love and dissent in dangerous times (pp. 40–48). New York, NY: Vintage Books.
- Granberg, D., & Brent, E. (1983). When prophecy bends: The preference–expectation link in U.S. presidential elections, 1952–1980. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 45(3), 477–491. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.45.3.477
- Halbwachs, M. (1992). On collective memory. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.
10.7208/chicago/9780226774497.001.0001 Google Scholar
- Harold, J., & Fong, E. (2018). Mobilizing memory: Collective memory schemas and the social boundaries of Jews in Toronto. Ethnic and Racial Studies, 41(2), 343–361. https://doi.org/10.1080/01419870.2017.1344719
- Harris, K. A., Howell, D. S., & Spurgeon, D. W. (2018). Faith concepts in psychology: Three 30-year definitional content analyses. Psychology of Religion and Spirituality, 10(1), 1–29. https://doi.org/10.1037/rel0000134
- Harris-Britt, A., Valrie, C. R., Kurtz-Costes, B., & Rowley, S. J. (2007). Perceived racial discrimination and self-esteem in African American youth: Racial socialization as a protective factor. Journal of Research on Adolescence, 17(4), 669–682. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1532-7795.2007.00540.x
- Hattam, V. (2000). History, agency, and political change. Polity, 32(3), 333–338. https://doi.org/10.2307/3235354
- Herth, K. (1992). Abbreviated instrument to measure hope: Development and psychometric evaluation. Journal of advanced nursing, 17(10), 1251–1259.
- Hotchkins, B. K. (2017). Black student leaders practicing resistance in the midst of chaos: Applying transgenerational activist knowledge to navigate a predominantly White institution. Journal of Negro Education, 86(3), 269–282. https://doi.org/10.7709/jnegroeducation.86.3.0269
10.7709/jnegroeducation.86.3.0269 Google Scholar
- Kelley, R. D. G. (2002). Freedom dreams: The Black radical imagination. Boston, MA: Beacon Press.
- Kristiansen, M., Irshad, T., Worth, A., Bhopal, R., Lawton, J., & Sheikh, A. (2014). The practice of hope: A longitudinal, multi-perspective qualitative study among South Asian Sikhs and Muslims with life-limiting illness in Scotland. Ethnicity & Health, 19(1), 1–19. https://doi.org/10.1080/13557858.2013.858108
- LaMothe, R. (2018). The travails and tragedies of a market civilization: A psychology of faith perspective. Pastoral Psychology, 67(2), 155–173. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11089-017-0761-5
- Lazarus, R. S. (1991). Emotion and adaptation. New York: Oxford University Press.
10.1111/j.1432-2277.2005.00183.x Google Scholar
- Lazarus, R. S. (1999). Hope: An emotion and a vital coping resource against despair. Social Research, 66(2), 653–678.
- Lear, J. (2006). Radical hope: Ethics in the face of cultural devastation. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
10.4159/9780674040021 Google Scholar
- Marques, S. C., Gallagher, M. W., & Lopez, S. J. (2017). Hope- and academic-related outcomes: A meta-analysis. School Mental Health, 9(3), 250–262. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12310-017-9212-9
- McInerney, P. (2007). From naive optimism to robust hope: Sustaining a commitment to social justice in schools and teacher education in neoliberal times. Asia-Pacific Journal of Teacher Education, 35(3), 257–272. https://doi.org/10.1080/13598660701447213
- Miller, J. F., & Powers, M. J. (1988). Development of an instrument of hope. Nursing Research, 37(1), 6–10.
- Neville, H. A., Adames, H. Y., Chavez-Dueñas, N. Y., Chen, G. A., French, B. H., Lewis, J. A., & Mosley, D. V. (2019, March 5). The Psychology of Radical Healing [Blog post]. Retrieved from https://www.psychologytoday.com/us/blog/healing-through-social-justice/201903/the-psychology-radical-healing
- Neville, H. A., & Cross, W. E. Jr. (2017). Racial awakening: Epiphanies and encounters in Black racial identity. Cultural Diversity and Ethnic Minority Psychology, 23(1), 102–108. https://doi.org/10.1037/cdp0000105
- Ojala, M. (2017). Hope and anticipation in education for a sustainable future. Futures, 94, 76–84. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.futures.2016.10.004
- Ortega-Williams, A., Wernick, L.J., DeBower, J., & Brathwaite, B. (2018). Finding relief in action: The intersection of youth-led community organizing & mental health in Brooklyn, New York City. Youth and Society. https://doi.org/10.1177/0044118X18758542
10.1177/0044118X18758542 Google Scholar
- Pew Research Center (2014). Religious landscape study: Racial and ethnic composition. Retrieved from https://www.pewforum.org/religious-landscape-study/racial-and-ethnic-composition/
- Snyder, C. R. (1995). Conceptualizing, measuring, and nurturing hope. Journal of Counseling & Development, 73(3), 355–360. https://doi.org/10.1002/j.1556-6676.1995.tb01764.x
- Snyder, C. R. (2002). Hope theory: Rainbows in the mind. Psychological Inquiry, 13(4), 249–275. https://doi.org/10.1207/S15327965PLI1304_01
- The Leadership Conference (2018). Trump administration civil and human rights rollbacks. Retrieved from https://civilrights.org/trump-rollbacks/.
- U.S. Department of Justice, Federal Bureau of Investigation. (2018). 2017 Hate Crime Statistics. Retrieved from https://ucr.fbi.gov/hate-crime/2017/topic-pages/victims
- Yager-Elorriaga, D., Berenson, K., & McWhirter, P. (2014). Hope, ethnic pride, and academic achievement: Positive psychology and Latino youth. Psychology, 5(10), 1206–1214. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.4236/psych.2014.510133
10.4236/psych.2014.510133 Google Scholar
- Yarcheski, A., & Mahon, N. E. (2016). Meta-analyses of predictors of hope in adolescents. Western Journal of Nursing Research, 38(3), 345–368. https://doi.org/10.1177/0193945914559545
